>
1)Vesiculate
>
A-1.Grains with fold-like undeveloped bladder that surrounds corpus in a ring. Bladder surface covered with the verruca of spinules
*
Tsuga sieboldii(11)
*
Tsuga diversifolia(12)
>
A-2.With 2 bladders.
>
B-1.On proximal side, base of bladder and corpus join gently. Surface pattern of corpus and reticulum of bladder transition gently at this join.
>
C-1.On distal pole side, granules are scattered on inner surface of leptoma.
*
Picea polita(18)
*
Picea glehnii(19)
*
Picea jezoensis var. hondoensis(20)
*
Picea koyamae(21)
*
Picea jezoensis var. jesoensis(22)
*
Picea glehnii(23)
>
C-2.On distal side, granules are absent on inner surface of leptoma.
*
Cedrus deodara(10)
>
B-2.On proximal side, a distinct constriction at junction between corpus and base of bladder occurs. At this junction, surface pattern of corpus and mesh of bladder are clearly different.
>
D-1.Bladder smaller than corpus.
>
E-1.Size of corpus 65.0 μm or larger.
>
F-1.On distal pole side, granules absent from inner surface of leptoma.
*
Abies firma(13)
*
Abies veitchii var. reflexa(14)
*
Abies veitchii(15)
*
Abies homolepis(16)
*
Abies mariesii(17)
>
E-2.Size of corpus 50.0 μm or less.
>
G-1.On distal pole side, granules absent from inner surface of leptoma.
*
Pinus densiflora(3)
*
Pinus thunbergii(4)
*
Pinus luchuensis(5)
>
G-2.On distal pole side, granules scattered on inner surface of leptoma.
*
Pinus pumila(6)
*
Pinus parviflora var. parviflora(7)
*
Pinus koraiensis(8)
*
Pinus amamiana(9)
>
D-2.Size of bladder approximately the same as, or larger than, size of corpus.
*
Nageia nagi(27)
*
Podocarpus macrophyllus f. macrophyllus (28)
>
2)Polyplicate
>
A-1.With 6 or more large, raised ridges extending long in the equatorial axis, and arranged in radial symmetry in polar view.
*
Ephedra sinica(1142)
>
3)Inaperturate
>
A-1.With a papilla.
>
B-1.On distal pole side, boundary of leptoma is clear.
*
Cryptomeria japonica(39)
>
B-2.On distal pole side, boundary of leptoma is unclear.
*
Sequoia sempervirens(40)
*
Metasequoia glyptostroboides(41)
*
Glyptostrobus pensilis(42)
*
Taxodium distichum(43)
>
A-2.Papilla absent.
>
C-1.Grain size large.
>
D-1.Exine with layered structure, sculpture baculate, and cross section of baculum is rounded triangular to polygonal.
*
Vernicia cordata(547)
>
D-2.Exine without layered structure.
>
E-1.Sculpture scabrate.
*
Araucaria cunninghamii(26)
>
E-2.Sculpture psilate.
>
F-1.向心極側に環状の肥厚がある.
*
Larix kaempferi(24)
>
F-2.On proximal pole side, indistinct ring-shaped thin thickening and Y-shaped thickening often observed inside.
*
Pseudotsuga japonica(25)
>
C-2.Grain size medium or smaller.
>
G-1.Exine with layered structure.
>
H-1.Sculpture echinate.
>
I-1.Sculpture psilate.
>
J-1.Spinules approximately 1.0 μm high, and evenly distributed.
*
Lindera triloba(1143)
*
Neolitsea sericea(1144)
>
J-2.Spinules approximately 0.5 μm high, and evenly distributed.
>
K-1.Grain size less than 15.0 μm.
*
Arisaema thunbergii subsp. urashima(79)
*
Arisaema sikokianum(80)
*
Arisaema iyoanum subsp. iyoanum(81)
>
K-2.Grain size 17.5 μm or more.
*
Smilax riparia(108)
*
Smilax china(109)
*
Smilax sieboldii(110)
>
I-2.Sculpture scabrate.
*
Diphylleia grayi(263)
>
I-3.Sculpture granulate.
>
L-1.Spines evenly distributed.
*
Ottelia alismoides(88)
>
L-2.Spinules evenly distributed.
*
Hydrocharis dubia(89)
>
H-1.Sculpture is not echinate.
>
M-1.Sculpture psilate, and surface surrounded by 6–8 linear marks.
*
Pinellia ternata(82)
>
M-2.Sculpture scabrate, with relatively uniform protrusions.
*
Populus tremula var. sieboldii(564)
*
Populus suaveolens(565)
>
M-3.Sculpture reticulate.
>
N-1.Exine thin, and muri low in height.
*
Triglochin asiatica(91)
*
Potamogeton crispus(92)
*
Potamogeton gramineus(93)
*
Potamogeton distinctus(94)
*
Potamogeton cristatus(95)
*
Potamogeton wrightii(96)
>
N-2.Exine 1.5–2.0 μm thick.
*
Sarcandra glabra(60)
>
G-2.Exine without layered structure.
>
O-1.Shape spherical, sculpture psilate or scabrate, granules scattered irregularly, and leptoma identified as a circle, depending on the direction of observation → See also monoporate.
*
Juniperus rigida(30)
*
Juniperus conferta(31)
*
Juniperus chinensis L. var. chinensis(32)
*
Thujopsis dolabrata var. dolabrata(33)
*
Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondae (34)
*
Platycladus orientalis(35)
*
Thuja occidentalis(36)
*
Thuja occidentalis(37)
*
Chamaecyparis pisifera(38)
>
O-2.Shape angular spheres and leptoma often identified, depending on the observation direction → See also monocolpate.
*
Torreya nucifera(45)
*
Taxus cuspidata(46)
*
Taxus cuspidata var. nana(47)
*
Cephalotaxus harringtonia var. harringtonia(48)
*
Cephalotaxus harringtonia subsp. hokkaidoensis(49)
>
4)Monocolpate
>
A-1.Shape spherical or irregularly spherical.
>
B-1.Shape spherical, sculpture verrucate, and leptoma spreads irregularly and has a clear boundary → See also monoporate.
*
Sciadopitys verticillata(29)
>
B-2.Shape spherical with a square.
>
C-1.Sculpture scabrate, granules irregularly scattered, and leptoma boundary unclear → See also inaperturate.
*
Torreya nucifera(45)
*
Taxus cuspidata(46)
*
Taxus cuspidata var. nana(47)
*
Cephalotaxus harringtonia var. harringtonia(48)
*
Cephalotaxus harringtonia subsp. hokkaidoensis(49)
>
C-2.Sculpture psilate.
*
Acorus gramineus(77)
*
Acorus calamus(78)
>
B-3.Shape irregularly spherical, and sculpture psilate.
*
Saururus chinensis(63)
*
Houttuynia cordata(64)
*
Piper kadsura(65)
>
A-2.Shape oblate.
>
D-1.Exine without layered structure.
>
E-1.Sculpture psilate.
*
Ginkgo biloba(2)
*
Magnolia obovata(76)
>
E-2.Sculpture rugulate.
*
Magnolia compressa(73)
*
Magnolia stellata(74)
*
Magnolia sieboldii subsp. japonica(75)
>
E-3.Sculpture verrucate to gemmate.
*
Liriodendron tulipifera(72)
>
E-4.Sculpture reticulate.
*
Cycas revoluta(1)
>
D-2.Exine with layered structure.
>
F-1.Huge furrow surrounds grain for more than half the circumference.
>
G-1.Sculpture echinate.
>
H-1.Spines 5.0 μm or more in length, and scattered.
*
Nuphar japonica(52)
*
Nuphar pumila var. pumila(53)
*
Nuphar pumila var. ozeensis(54)
>
H-2.Spinules 1.0 μm in length, and densely distributed.
*
Euryale ferox(55)
>
G-2.Sculpture gemmate or verrucate, and often mixed with bacula and clavae.
*
Nymphaea tetragona(56)
>
F-2.Furrow not arranged so as to surround grain.
>
I-1.Sculpture psilate.
*
Brasenia schreberi(50)
>
I-2.Sculpture scabrate.
*
Pollia japonica(166)
*
Monochoria korsakowii(167)
*
Monochoria vaginalis(168)
*
Eichhornia crassipes (169)
>
I-3.Sculpture rugulate.
*
Disporum sessile var. sessile(106)
*
Disporum smilacinum(107)
*
Amana edulis(125)
*
Polygonatum odoratum var. pluriflorum(155)
*
Ophiopogon jaburan(158)
*
Ophiopogon japonicus(159)
>
I-4.Sculpture striped, and striped pattern flows in long axis direction of grain.
*
Cabomba caroliniana(51)
>
I-5.Sculpture verrucate to gemmate.
*
Crocosmia crocosmiiflora(132)
*
Hosta sieboldii var. intermedia (150)
*
Hosta kikutii var. tosana(151)
*
Hosta undulata(152)
*
Hosta sieboldiana var. sieboldiana(153)
*
Liriope muscari(157)
>
I-6.Sculpture echinate.
*
Heloniopsis breviscapa var. flavida (105)
*
Commelina communis(164)
*
Murdannia keisak(165)
>
I-7.Sculpture areolate.
>
J-1.Grain size medium or larger.
*
Lloydia serotina(111)
*
Tricyrtis macrantha(121)
*
Tricyrtis nana(122)
*
Tricyrtis latifolia(123)
*
Comospermum yedoense(154)
*
Barnardia japonica(156)
*
Maianthemum japonicum(160)
*
Maianthemum viridiflorum(161)
>
J-2.Grain size small.
*
Aletris spicata(97)
*
Trachycarpus fortunei(162)
*
Livistona chinensis var. subglobosa (163)
>
I-8.Sculpture reticulate.
>
K-1.On proximal pole side, lumen width is wide and lumina vary in size.
>
L-1.Cross section of columellae, which constitute muri of brochi, is circular to elliptical, and lumina have scattered granules.
*
Hemerocallis citrina var. vespertina(134)
*
Hemerocallis major(135)
*
Hemerocallis middendorffii var. middendorffii(136)
*
Hemerocallis middendorffii var. esculenta(137)
*
Hemerocallis var. littorea(138)
*
Hemerocallis var. kwanso(139)
*
Hemerocallis fulva var. disticha(140)
>
L-2.Cross section of columellae, which constitute muri of brochi, is circular, and lumina are without granules.
*
Iris tectorum(128)
>
L-3.Cross section of columellae, which constitute muri of brochi, is a mixture of triangles and quadrangles, and lumina are without granules.
*
Lilium longiflorum(112)
*
Lilium auratum(113)
*
Lilium lancifolium(114)
*
Lilium japonicum(115)
*
Lilium hansonii(116)
*
Lilium speciosum(117)
*
Lilium concolor(118)
*
Lilium medeoloides(119)
*
Cardiocrinum cordatum(120)
>
K-2.On proximal pole side, lumina are fine and almost uniform.
>
M-1.On proximal pole side, lumina become smaller.
>
N-1.Grain size large.
*
Iris pseudacorus(129)
*
Lycoris radiata(142)
*
Lycoris sanguinea var. sanguinea(143)
*
Lycoris squamigera(144)
>
N-2.Grain size medium or smaller.
*
Narthecium asiaticum(98)
*
Croomia heterosepala(99)
*
Sisyrinchium rosulatum(133)
>
M-2.Size of lumen almost the same, even on distal pole side.
>
O-1.Grain size large.
*
Iris ensata var. spontanea(126)
*
Iris ensata var. ensata(127)
*
Iris sanguinea(130)
*
Iris japonica(131)
*
Zephyranthes carinata(145)
>
O-2.Grain size medium or smaller.
*
Veratrum maackii var. reymondianum(100)
*
Veratrum oxysepalum var. oxysepalum(101)
*
Veratrum stamineum(102)
>
A-3.Shape resembles citrus segment.
>
P-1.Sculpture rugulate.
*
Allium victorialis subsp. platyphyllum(146)
*
Allium thunbergii(147)
*
Allium tuberosum(148)
>
P-2.Sculpture areolate.
*
Asparagus cochinchinensis var. lucidus (149)
>
P-3.Sculpture reticulate.
>
Q-1.Grain size large.
*
Erythronium japonicum(124)
>
Q-2.Grain size medium.
*
Lysichiton camtschatcensis(83)
>
5)Trichotomocolpate
*
N/A not applicable.
>
6)Monoporate
>
A-1.With clear annulus.
>
B-1.In a phase contrast image, sculpture consists of independent verrucae.
>
C-1.Grain size 50.0 μm or more.
*
Coix lacryma-jobi(240)
*
Zea mays(241)
>
C-2.Grain size 50.0 μm or less.
*
Avena sativa(207)
*
Hordeum vulgare (cv. sakigake)(211)
*
Leersia sayanuka(214)
*
Leersia japonica(215)
>
B-2.In a phase contrast image, sculpture is areolate consisting of areolae.
*
Chimonobambusa marmorea(198)
*
Phyllostachys edulis(199)
*
Pleioblastus simonii(200)
*
Pleioblastus argenteostriatus f. glaber(201)
*
Sasa nipponica(202)
*
Panicum miliaceum(230)
*
Sasa kurilensis(203)
*
Sasa borealis(204)
*
Beckmannia syzigachne(205)
*
Deyeuxia matsumurae(206)
*
Trisetum bifidum(208)
*
Phalaris arundinacea(209)
*
Elymus tsukushiensis var. transiens(210)
*
Triticum aestivum (cv. norin 20)(212)
*
Poa acroleuca(213)
*
Zizania latifolia(216)
*
Phragmites australis(219)
*
Phragmites japonicus(220)
*
Moliniopsis japonica(221)
*
Eleusine indica(222)
*
Dinebra chinensis(223)
*
Zoysia japonica(224)
*
Arundinella hirta(225)
*
Pennisetum alopecuroides(226)
*
Setaria pumila(227)
*
Setaria × pycnocoma (228)
*
Setaria italica(229)
*
Digitaria ciliaris(231)
*
Paspalum thunbergii (232)
*
Paspalum distichum var. distichum(233)
*
Echinochloa crus-galli var. aristata(234)
*
Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii(235)
*
Miscanthus sinensis (236)
*
Sorghum bicolor(237)
*
Sorghum propinquum(238)
*
Hemarthria sibirica(239)
>
B-3.In a phase contrast image, sculpture is a composite type of independent verrucae and areola.
*
Elymus tsukushiensis var. transiens(210)
*
Leersia japonica(215)
*
Zizania latifolia(216)
*
Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (cv. honen wase)(217)
*
Oryza sativa subsp. indica (cv. SM142)(218)
>
A-2.Annulus absent.
>
D-1.Sculpture verrucate → See also monocolpate.
*
Sciadopitys verticillata(29)
>
D-2.Sculpture psilate or scabrate, and granules irregularly scattered.
>
E-1.Pore-like structure located in center of leptoma, and leptoma boundary clear on distal pole side.
*
Cunninghamia lanceolata(44)
>
E-2.On distal pole side, leptoma almost absent, and Pore-like structure in leptoma easily overlooked, depending on observation direction. → See also inaperturate.
*
Juniperus rigida(30)
*
Juniperus conferta(31)
*
Juniperus chinensis L. var. chinensis(32)
*
Thujopsis dolabrata var. dolabrata(33)
*
Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondae (34)
*
Platycladus orientalis(35)
*
Thuja occidentalis(36)
*
Chamaecyparis obtusa(37)
*
Chamaecyparis pisifera(38)
>
D-3.Sculpture reticulate.
*
Typha orientalis(171)
*
Typha domingensis(172)
*
Sparganium erectum(173)
*
Sparganium glomeratum(174)
>
7)Dicolpate
>
A-1.Longer axis is 50.0 μm or more, furrow extends long in longitudinal direction, margo underdeveloped, and spinules scattered on surface.
*
Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum(141)
>
8)Tricolpate
>
A-1.Three bladder-like folds formed by separation of exine layers extend in both polar directions, and merge at the poles, and furrow located on the folds.
*
Trapa japonica(612)
>
A-2.Bladder-like folds absent.
>
B-1.Spinules or spines distributed on sculpture.
>
C-1.Spines of approximately 7.0 μm high are scattered.
*
Patrinia sibirica(1100)
>
C-2.C-2. Spinules scattered on sculpture, and columella developed.
>
D-1.Furrow elongated, and columellae develop, especially near both poles.
*
Scabiosa japonica var. japonica(1103)
*
Scabiosa japonica var. alpina(1104)
>
D-2.Furrow oblong and long in polar direction.
*
Abelia serrata(1090)
*
Abelia spathulata var. spathulata(1091)
*
Abelia tetrasepala(1092)
>
C-3.Spinules scattered on sculpture.
>
E-1.Sculpture densely covered with scabrae.
>
F-1.Exine is thick at 3.0 μm or more.
>
G-1.Furrow extends long in polar direction, and spinule size is 1.5–2.0 μm.
*
Patrinia scabiosifolia(1098)
*
Patrinia villosa(1099)
*
Valeriana fauriei(1101)
*
Valeriana flaccidissima(1102)
>
G-2.Length of furrow short, polar area wide, and spinule size 1.0 μm or less.
*
Linnaea borealis(1089)
>
F-2.Exine less than 2.5 μm thick.
*
Trautvetteria caroliniensis var. japonica (285)
*
Lampranthus spectabilis(737)
>
E-2.Sculpture densely covered with granules.
*
Clerodendrum trichotomum(937)
*
Clerodendrum trichotomum var. esculentum (938)
*
Volkameria inermis(947)
>
B-2.Spinules or spines absent on sculpture.
>
H-1.Sculpture psilate.
>
I-1.Furrow narrow, and margo slightly thickened.
*
Vandellia micrantha(934)
>
I-2.Outline of furrow indistinct.
*
Aeginetia indica(977)
>
H-2.Sculpture scabrate.
>
J-1.Surface of furrow almost smooth.
*
Pteridophyllum racemosum(251)
*
Trollius shinanensis(295)
*
Tetragonia tetragonoides(736)
*
Phytolacca americana(739)
>
J-2.Scabrae distributed on surface of furrow.
*
Clematis terniflora(264)
*
Clematis japonica(266)
*
Clematis alpina subsp. ochotensis(267)
*
Clematis lasiandra(268)
*
Clematis tosaensis(269)
*
Clematis apiifolia var. apiifolia(270)
*
Aquilegia flabellata var. flabellata(286)
*
Aquilegia flabellata var. pumila(287)
*
Semiaquilegia adoxoides(288)
*
Caltha palustris var. nipponica(296)
*
Glaucidium palmatum(297)
>
J-3.Granules scattered on surface of furrow.
>
K-1.Outline of furrow distinct.
*
Aconitum japonicum subsp. subcuneatum (289)
*
Aconitum japonicum subsp. japonicum(290)
*
Aconitum loczyanum(291)
>
K-2.Outline of furrow indistinct.
*
Veronica polita var. lilacina(926)
*
Veronica onoei(927)
*
Euphrasia multifolia(971)
*
Euphrasia insignis subsp. iinumae(972)
*
Euphrasia maximowiczii(973)
*
Centranthera cochinchinensis var. lutea(974)
>
H-3.Sculpture granulate.
*
Premna microphylla(939)
*
Leonurus japonicus(940)
*
Lamium album var. barbatum(941)
>
H-4.Sculpture verrucate.
>
L-1.Furrow long and distinct, and sculpture appearance often changes to finely reticulate when focus is adjusted when viewed under a microscope.
*
Callicarpa dichotoma(943)
*
Callicarpa kochiana(944)
*
Callicarpa japonica(945)
*
Callicarpa mollis(946)
>
L-2.Furrow indistinct.
*
Scopolia japonica(911)
>
H-5.Sculpture baculate.
>
M-1.Exine tectate.
>
N-1.Furrow long.
>
O-1.Furrow narrow, columellae densely and evenly distributed.
*
Saxifraga stolonifera(328)
*
Saxifraga cortusifolia(329)
*
Saxifraga fortunei var. alpina(330)
*
Paederia foetida(864)
>
O-2.Furrow slightly wide.
>
P-1.Margo thickened.
*
Adonis ramosa(279)
*
Cimicifuga japonica var. macrophylla (293)
*
Cimicifuga simplex(294)
>
P-2.Margo never thickened.
>
Q-1.Scabrae distributed on upper surface of furrow.
*
Chelidonium majus subsp. asiaticum(243)
>
Q-2.Scabrae distributed on upper surface of furrow.
*
Anemonopsis macrophylla(292)
>
N-2.Furrow short.
*
Clematis pierotii(265)
*
Anemone narcissiflora subsp. nipponica(273)
*
Anemone sikokiana(274)
*
Anemone nikoensis(275)
>
M-2.Exine is not tectate.
>
R-1.Outline of furrow distinct.
>
S-1.Furrow long.
>
T-1.Furrow wide, and verrucae distributed on upper surface of furrow.
*
Serissa japonica(867)
>
T-2.Furrow narrow and sculpture appearance changes to rugulate when focus is adjusted when viewed under a microscope.
*
Nelumbo nucifera(300)
>
S-2.Furrow short.
*
Cuscuta chinensis(893)
>
R-2.Outline of furrow indistinct.
*
Dichondra micrantha(890)
>
H-6.Sculpture reticulate.
>
U-1.Mesh is coarse.
>
V-1.Muri consist of bacula, and gemmae or granules scattered in lumina.
*
Persicaria chinensis(703)
*
Persicaria nepalensis(704)
>
V-2.Muri consist of bacula, and lumina smooth or scattered with scabrae.
>
W-1.Tip of baculum with fine spinule.
*
Limonium wrightii var. arbusculum(684)
>
W-2.Tip of baculum without fine spinule.
*
Limonium tetragonum(685)
>
U-2. Mesh is not coarse.
>
X-1.Shape isopolar, and furrow length 1/2.5 or less of grain.
>
Y-1.Exine intectate, and clavae densely arranged on sculpture.
*
Geranium shikokianum var. kaimontanum(600)
*
Geranium krameri(601)
*
Geranium thunbergii f. pallidum(602)
*
Geranium thunbergii(603)
>
Y-2.Sculpture tectate.
*
Hydrangea bifida(762)
>
X-2.Shape isopolar and furrow length more than half that of grain.
>
Z1.Furrow elongated, reaches near poles, and mesh becomes finer in intercolpium.
*
Illicium anisatum(59)
>
Z-2.Furrow does not reach near poles.
>
AA-1.Sculpture supra-reticulate.
*
Chelonopsis longipes(953)
*
Chelonopsis moschata(954)
>
AA-2.Sculpture per-reticulate.
>
BB-1.Verrucae distributed on upper surface of furrow.
*
Oxalis corniculata(541)
*
Oxalis griffithii(542)
>
BB-2.Granules distributed on upper surface of furrow.
>
CC-1.Furrow spreads widely in an elliptical shape, polar area wide, granules densely distributed on upper surface of furrow, and polar view subangular to semi-lobate.
*
Cercidiphyllum japonicum(318)
>
CC-2.Furrow short, polar area wide, granules scattered on upper surface of furrow, and polar view circular.
*
Platanus occidentalis(301)
>
BB-3.Scabrae distributed on upper surface of furrow.
>
DD-1.In polar view, columellae of intercolpi are arranged in a crescent shape.
*
Raphanus sativus var. hortensis(673)
*
Capsella bursa-pastoris (674)
*
Draba sakuraii var. nipponica(675)
*
Arabis serrata var. shikokiana(676)
*
Cardamine leucantha(677)
*
Cardamine lyrata(678)
*
Cardamine scutata(679)
>
DD-2.In polar view, columellae of intercolpi not arranged in a crescent shape.
>
EE-1.Furrow long, and margo thickened.
*
Hamamelis japonica(312)
*
Disanthus cercidifolius(313)
*
Corylopsis spicata(314)
*
Corylopsis pauciflora(315)
*
Corylopsis gotoana(316)
*
Distylium racemosum(317)
>
EE-2.Margo not thickened.
>
FF-1.Both ends of furrow round.
>
GG-1.Mesh appearance changes to rugulate when focus is adjusted when viewed under a microscope.
*
Dicentra peregrina(246)
>
GG-2.Mesh appearance does not change to rugulate when focus is adjusted when viewed under a microscope.
*
Hylomecon japonica(244)
>
FF-2.Both ends of furrow sharp.
>
HH-1.Mesh becomes finer near both poles and furrows.
*
Caulophyllum robustum(260)
>
HH-2.Mesh uniform over entire surface.
*
Nandina domestica(261)
*
Epimedium grandiflorum var. thunbergianum (262)
>
BB-4.Verrucae to scabrae never distributed on upper surface of furrow.
>
II-1.Exine becomes thin near furrow, and lumina are coarse in intercolpium and fine in vicinity of furrow.
>
JJ-1.Scabrae distributed near furrow.
*
Salix arbutifolia(566)
*
Salix cardiophylla var. urbaniana (567)
*
Salix triandra subsp. nipponica(568)
*
Salix hiraoana nothosubsp. tsugaluensis(569)
*
Salix sieboldiana(570)
*
Salix japonica(571)
*
Salix koriyanagi(572)
*
Salix miyabeana subsp. gymnolepis(573)
*
Salix integra(574)
*
Salix babylonica(575)
*
Salix babylonica var. matsudana(576)
*
Salix caprea(577)
*
Salix chaenomeloides(578)
*
Salix gracilistyla(579)
*
Salix vulpina subsp. vulpina(580)
*
Salix schwerinii(581)
*
Salix udensis(582)
*
Salix dolichostyla subsp. serissifolia(583)
*
Salix reinii(584)
*
Salix nakamurana subsp. nakamurana(585)
>
JJ-2.Scabrae distributed near furrow.
*
Tamarix chinensis(683)
>
II-2.Margo never thickened or thin.
>
KK-1.Brochi coarse in intercolpium and fine in vicinity of furrow.
*
Ajuga japonica(948)
*
Ajuga decumbens(949)
*
Ajuga nipponensis(950)
*
Pogostemon stellatus(952)
*
Comanthosphace japonica(951)
>
KK-2.Mesh almost uniform, and appearance changes to a rugulate when focus is adjusted when viewed under a microscope.
*
Vitex rotundifolia(942)
*
Scutellaria indica var. indica(967)
>
X-3.Shape heteropolar and tetrahedral with rounded edges.
*
Thesium chinense(680)
>
H-7.Sculpture composite type from striate to rugulate.
*
Acer carpinifolium(1146)
>
9)Stephanocolpate
>
A-1.Shape subspheroidal.
>
B-1.Sculpture gemmate, gemmae located in intercolpium and arranged in polar direction, and furrows number approximately 15.
*
Leptodermis pulchella(869)
>
B-2.Sculpture verrucate, furrow long, and approximately 12 in number.
*
Sesamum indicum(935)
>
B-3.Sculpture scabrate.
>
C-1.Sculpture covered only with scabrae.
>
D-1.Furrow long, and narrow.
*
Rubia argyi(860)
*
Galium kinuta(861)
*
Galium pogonanthum(862)
*
Galium verum subsp. asiaticum(863)
>
D-2.Furrow short, and slightly wide.
*
Myrsine seguinii(778)
>
C-2.Sculpture covered with scabrae, and with some spines or spinules.
>
E-1.Furrow long, and approximately 8 in number, and scattered spines of approximately 7.0 μm.
*
Sicyos angulatus(523)
>
E-2.Spinules of 1.0 μm or less sparsely scattered.
>
F-1.Furrow long, and 7–10 in number.
*
Codonopsis lanceolata(997)
>
F-2.Furrow short, and 5–7 in number.
*
Platycodon grandiflorus(996)
>
B-4.Sculpture baculate.
>
G-1.Baculum height is 1.0–1.5 μm.
>
H-1.Scabrae scattered on upper surface of furrow.
*
Anemone flaccida(276)
>
H-2.Upper surface of furrow almost smooth.
*
Clinopodium coreanum subsp. coreanum(959)
*
Clinopodium gracile(960)
*
Glechoma hederacea subsp. grandis(961)
>
G-2.Baculum height is 2.0–2.5 μm.
*
Cuscuta australis(891)
*
Cuscuta japonica(892)
>
B-5.Sculpture reticulate.
>
I-1.Reticulum fine and uniform.
>
J-1.Furrow relatively wide and short, and polar area wide.
*
Chloranthus quadrifolius(61)
*
Chloranthus serratus(62)
>
J-2.Furrow narrow and long in polar direction.
*
Salvia lutescens var. intermedia (962)
*
Salvia nipponica(963)
*
Prunella vulgaris subsp. asiatica(964)
*
Thymus quinquecostatus var. ibukiensis(965)
*
Lycopus uniflorus(966)
>
I-2.Reticulum non-uniform and sculpture supra-reticulate.
*
Isodon longitubus(955)
*
Dracocephalum argunense var. japonicum(956)
*
Keiskea japonica(957)
*
Perilla frutescens var. crispa f. viridis(958)
>
A-2.Shape peroblate, equatorial view subrectangular, furrows short and 4 in number, and located at the 4 corners in polar view.
*
Impatiens textorii(763)
*
Impatiens noli-tangere(764)
*
Impatiens hypophylla (765)
*
A-3.Shape resembles arrowhead to cannonball. → See also stephanoporate.
>
10)Pericolpate
>
A-1.Spinules distributed on sculpture.
>
B-1.Spinules scattered and approximately 1.0 μm high.
>
C-1.Grain size 70.0 μm or larger.
*
Portulaca grandiflora(743)
>
C-2.Grain size 70.0 μm or less.
*
Portulaca oleracea(742)
>
B-2.Spinules scattered on sculpture are minute.
>
D-1.Sculpture baculate.
*
Ranunculus japonicus(278)
>
D-2.Sculpture scabrate to verrucate.
*
Ranunculus nipponicus var. submersus(277)
>
A-2.Spinules never distributed in sculpture.
>
E-1.Sculpture reticulate.
>
F-1.With granules on upper surface of furrow, and reticulum very fine.
*
Euptelea polyandra(242)
>
F-2.Without granules on upper surface of furrow, and gemmae or granules
scattered in lumina.
>
G-1.Size 50.0 μm or more, most reticula large with diameters of 4.0 μm or more,
and protrusions of lumina conspicuous.
*
Persicaria amphibia(698)
>
G-2.Size 50.0 μm or less, reticula small with diameters of 2.0 μm or less, and
protrusions of lumina inconspicuous.
*
Persicaria filiformis(694)
>
E-2.Sculpture rugulate, with some granules on upper surface of furrow and both ends of furrow blunt.
*
Corydalis incisa(247)
*
Corydalis heterocarpa var. japonica(248)
*
Corydalis pallida var. tenuis(249)
*
Corydalis decumbens(250)
>
E-3.Sculpture baculate, scabrae surround furrow, and shape is rounded hexahedron.
*
Basella alba(741)
>
E-4.Sculpture verrucate.
*
Pulsatilla nipponica(272)
>
E-5.Sculpture psilate to scabrate.
*
Trigastrotheca stricta(738)
>
11)Dicolporate
>
A-1.Shape flat and oval with long axis in polar direction, and germinal aperture openings located on flat surface.
*
Justicia hayatae(983)
>
12)Tricorporate
>
A-1.Sculpture psilate.
>
B-1.Grain major axis 40.0 μm or more.
>
C-1.Shape oblate spheroidal to suboblate, columellae develop, and verrucae to gemmae are distributed in polar region.
*
Canavalia lineata(383)
>
C-2.Shape spheroidal, and verrucae scattered on upper surface of furrow.
*
Apios fortunei(381)
>
C-3.Shape subprolate, and endoaperture long in the horizontal direction and sometimes shows an 8-character shape.
*
Diospyros kaki(772)
>
B-2.Grain major axis approximately 25.0–35.0 μm.
>
D-1.Polar view semi-angular, endoaperture oval and forms a fastigium and protrudes.
*
Clethra barbinervis(815)
>
D-2.Polar view circular.
>
E-1.Equatorial view suboblate to oblate spheroidal, and periphery of germinal aperture opening never protrudes.
*
Utricularia bifida(979)
*
Utricularia uliginosa(980)
>
E-2.Equatorial view subprolate, and periphery of germinal aperture opening sometimes protrudes.
>
F-1.Endoaperture round.
*
Peltoboykinia watanabei(331)
>
F-2.Endoaperture ellipse is long in equatorial direction.
*
Lysimachia clethroides(789)
>
B-3.Grain major axis is 25.0 μm or less.
>
G-1.Shape of equatorial view resembles a peanut.
*
Trigonotis peduncularis(888)
*
Mertensia pterocarpa var. yezoensis(889)
>
G-2.Shape of equatorial view subspheroidal to prolate.
>
H-1.Furrow long.
>
I-1.Shape of endoaperture ellipse is long in horizontal direction.
>
J-1.With a costa on endoaperture side.
>
K-1.Equatorial view spindle-shaped.
*
Boenninghausenia albiflora var. japonica(646)
>
K-2.Equatorial view not spindle-shaped.
>
L-1.Scabrae scattered on upper surface of furrow.
*
Begonia grandis(534)
>
L-2.Scabrae never scattered on upper surface of furrow.
*
Enkianthus sikokianus(822)
*
Enkianthus cernuus f. cernuus(823)
*
Enkianthus cernuus f. rubens(824)
>
J-2.Without a costa on endoaperture side.
>
M-1.Shape prolate.
*
Castanea crenata(470)
*
Castanopsis cuspidata(471)
*
Lithocarpus edulis(472)
*
Lithocarpus glaber(473)
>
M-2.Shape subprolate.
*
Maesa japonica(773)
*
Ardisia japonica(774)
*
Ardisia pusilla(775)
>
I-2.Endoaperture circular to oval.
>
N-1.Margo slightly thickened.
>
O-1.Periphery of germinal aperture opening protrudes slightly.
*
Ternstroemia gymnanthera(770)
*
Cleyera japonica(771)
>
O-2.Periphery of germinal aperture opening never protrudes.
*
Eurya japonica var. japonica(768)
*
Eurya emarginata (769)
>
N-2.Margo never thicken.
*
Lotus corniculatus subsp. japonicus(393)
>
I-3.Endoaperture indistinct and slightly protruding.
*
Limnophila sessiliflora(928)
*
Limnophila chinensis subsp. aromatica(929)
*
Pennellianthus frutescens(930)
*
Veronicastrum japonicum var. japonicum(931)
>
H-2.Furrow short, and polar area wide.
*
Conandron ramondioides(923)
>
A-2.Sculpture scabrate.
>
P-1.Shape oblate to suboblate.
>
Q-1.Furrow short, and polar view circular to semi-angular.
>
R-1.Verrucae scattered on upper surface of furrow.
*
Alchornea davidii(549)
>
R-2.Furrow slit-shaped, and endexine thickened to surround endoaperture.
*
Tilia kiusiana(655)
*
Tilia japonica(657)
*
Tilia maximowicziana(658)
>
Q-2.Furrow long, polar area narrow, and polar view angular to subangular.
*
Sapindus mukorossi(641)
>
P-2.Shape spheroidal to subprolate.
>
S-1.Furrow short, and polar area wide.
>
T-1.Endoaperture circular.
>
U-1.Periphery of germinal aperture opening protrudes like a beak and a fastigium develops.
*
Elaeagnus multiflora var. multiflora(442)
*
Elaeagnus pungens(443)
*
Elaeagnus umbellata var. umbellata(444)
*
Elaeagnus glabra(445)
>
U-2.Periphery of germinal aperture opening never protrudes.
*
Amphicarpaea edgeworthii(386)
>
T-2.Endoaperture oval, with a costa.
>
V-1.Endoaperture horizontally elliptical.
*
Sophora flavescens(364)
>
V-2.Endoaperture horizontally long and extends horizontally, and costae extend lengthwise, surrounding the equator.
*
Zabelia integrifolia(1093)
>
S-2.Furrow long, and polar area narrow.
>
W-1.Grain major axis 15.0 μm or less.
*
Hydrangea kawagoeana var. grosseserrata (758)
*
Elaeocarpus zollingeri(543)
*
Elaeocarpus japonicus(544)
>
W-2.Grain major axis 15.0 μm or more.
>
X-1.Endoaperture distinct.
>
Y-1.Verrucae scattered on upper surface of furrow.
>
Z-1.Endoaperture horizontally long and with a costa.
*
Grona heterocarpa(368)
*
Desmodium paniculatum(369)
>
Z-2.Endoaperture round and without a costa.
*
Viola grypoceras var. grypoceras(587)
*
Viola ovato-oblonga(588)
*
Viola eizanensis(589)
*
Viola biflora(590)
*
Viola violacea var. violacea(591)
>
Y-2.Verrucae never scattered on upper surface of furrow.
>
AA-1.Endoaperture protrudes and completely surrounds equatorial plane in a band shape.
*
Solanum capsicoides(903)
>
AA-2.Endoaperture protrudes and extends lengthwise, surrounding the equatorial plane.
>
BB-1.With a costa.
>
CC-1.Margo thickened.
*
Solanum melongena(902)
*
Solanum nigrum(904)
>
CC-2.Margo hardly thickened.
*
Physalis pubescens(900)
*
Alkekengi officinarum var. franchetii(901)
*
Solanum lyratum(905)
*
Solanum japonense(906)
>
BB-2.Without a costa.
*
Ricinus communis(551)
>
AA-3.Endoaperture circular or horizontally oval.
>
DD-1.Endoaperture protrudes.
*
Punica granatum(611)
>
DD-2.Endoaperture never protrudes.
*
Osteomeles anthyllidifolia var. subrotunda (441)
*
Bischofia javanica(563)
*
Actinidia polygama(812)
*
Actinidia kolomikta(813)
*
Actinidia arguta var. arguta(814)
>
AA-4.Endoaperture oval, forms a fastigium, and protrudes.
*
Stachyurus praecox(626)
>
X-2.Endoaperture indistinct.
>
EE-1.Margo thickened.
*
Helwingia japonica(988)
>
EE-2.Margo never thickened.
*
Stauntonia hexaphylla(254)
*
Cocculus trilobus(255)
*
Cocculus laurifolius(256)
>
P-3.Shape prolate to perprolate.
>
FF-1.Endoaperture circular and large, and periphery of germinal aperture opening protrudes.
*
Agrimonia pilosa var. japonica(425)
>
FF-2.Periphery of germinal aperture opening hardly protrudes.
>
GG-1.Margo thickened.
>
HH-1.With a costa.
>
II-1.Spinules scattered on upper surface of furrow.
*
Aesculus hippocastanum(640)
>
II-2.Equatorial view close to a rhombus and columellae develop slightly more in surroundings than in intercolpium and polar areas.
*
 Hydrocotyle maritima(1118)
>
HH-2.Without a costa.
*
Lobelia chinensis(998)
*
Lobelia sessilifolia(999)
>
GG-2.Margo hardly thickened.
>
JJ-1.With a costa, and columellae develop slightly more in surroundings than in intercolpium and polar areas.
>
KK-1.Pores protrude slightly.
*
Ligusticum scothicum subsp. hultenii(1138)
*
Tilingia ajanensis(1139)
*
Daucus carota subsp. sativus(1140)
*
Bupleurum stenophyllum(1141)
>
KK-2.Pores never protrude.
*
Angelica ubatakensis(1119)
*
Angelica saxicola(1120)
*
Angelica saxicola(1121)
*
Angelica pubescens(1122)
*
Angelica polymorpha(1123)
*
Angelica decursiva(1124)
*
Angelica cartilaginomarginata(1125)
*
Chamaele decumbens(1126)
*
Chamaele decumbens f. japonica (1127)
*
Sium ninsi(1128)
*
Cicuta virosa(1129)
*
Oenanthe javanica(1130)
*
Foeniculum vulgare(1131)
*
Glehnia littoralis(1132)
*
Peucedanum japonicum var. japonicum(1133)
*
Torilis japonica(1134)
*
Cryptotaenia canadensis subsp. japonica(1135)
*
Sanicula chinensis(1136)
*
Sanicula tuberculata(1137)
>
JJ-2.Without a costa.
*
Hypericum monogynum(593)
>
A-3.Sculpture verrucate.
>
LL-1.Shape oblate.
>
MM-1.Furrow wide, and pattern of sculpture scabrate near furrow.
*
Halenia corniculata(872)
>
MM-2.Furrow narrow.
*
Symplocos myrtacea(800)
*
Symplocos kuroki(801)
*
Symplocos tanakae(802)
>
LL-2.Shape almost spheroidal.
>
NN-1.Endoaperture circular and large.
>
OO-1.With a costa.
*
Lagenaria siceraria(522)
>
OO-2.Without a costa.
>
PP-1.Polar view circular, and polar area wide.
*
Fagus crenata(487)
>
PP-2.Polar view rounded semi-angular, and polar area narrow.
*
Fagus japonica(488)
>
NN-2.Endoaperture spreads around the equator.
*
Mallotus japonicus(550)
>
LL-3.Shape prolate spheroidal to subprolate.
>
QQ-1.Polar view circular to semi-angular.
>
RR-1.Endoaperture distinct, and horizontally long in horizontal direction.
>
SS-1.Periphery of germinal aperture opening never protrudes.
>
TT-1.Endoaperture spreads around equator.
*
Phyla nodiflora(986)
>
TT-2.Endoaperture oval, and columellae develop markedly in intercolpium.
*
Scaevola taccada(1009)
>
SS-2.Periphery of the germinal aperture opening protrudes.
>
UU-1.With a costa.
*
Kandelia obovata(545)
*
Bruguiera gymnorhiza(546)
>
UU-2.Without a costa.
*
Verbena officinalis(987)
>
RR-2.Endoaperture round or indistinct.
>
VV-1.Periphery of germinal aperture opening protrudes.
>
WW-1.Sculpture appearance changes to finely reticulate when focus is adjusted when viewed under a microscope.
*
Indigofera pseudotinctoria(387)
>
WW-2.Sculpture appearance changes to rugulate when focus is adjusted when viewed under a microscope.
*
Senna obtusifolia(353)
*
Senna occidentalis(354)
*
Indigofera decora(388)
>
VV-2.Periphery of germinal aperture opening never protrudes.
>
XX-1.Verrucate pattern relatively uniform.
*
Daphniphyllum macropodum(319)
>
XX-2.Verrucate pattern not so.
>
YY-1.Endoaperture distinct, and endexine curves so as to drop substantially inward near equatorial area.
*
Quercus hondae(474)
*
Quercus sessilifolia(475)
*
Quercus salicina f. angustata(476)
*
Quercus glauca(477)
*
Quercus acuta(478)
*
Quercus gilva(479)
*
Quercus myrsinifolia(480)
*
Quercus phillyreoides(481)
>
YY-2.Endoaperture indistinct, and endexine does not curve so as to drop substantially inward near equatorial area.
*
Quercus aliena(482)
*
Quercus acutissima(483)
*
Quercus dentata(484)
*
Quercus crispula(485)
*
Quercus serrata(486)
>
QQ-2.Polar view subangular, both ends of furrow sharp, and endoaperture circular and with a costa.
*
Cornus controversa(745)
*
Cornus macrophylla(746)
*
Cornus kousa subsp. kousa(747)
*
Cornus officinalis(748)
*
Cornus canadensis(749)
>
A-4.Sculpture rugulate.
>
ZZ-1.Shape spheroidal, grain size 80.0 μm or more, and valla coarse.
*
Alangium platanifolium var. trilobatum(744)
>
ZZ-2.Grain size 70.0 μm or less.
>
Aa-1.Furrow short.
>
Ab-1.Polar view semi-angular to semi-lobate, furrow distinct, and endoaperture horizontally long and with a costa.
*
Symplocos prunifolia(803)
>
Ab-2.Both polar and equatorial views spheroidal, and furrow indistinct.
*
Datura stramonium(910)
>
Ab-3.Shape subprolate, polar view planaperturate, which is semi-angular to subangular, and endoaperture protrudes.
*
Lagerstroemia indica(604)
*
Lagerstroemia subcostata(605)
>
Aa-2.Furrow long.
>
Ac-1.With a costa.
>
Ad-1.Periphery of germinal aperture opening protrudes.
>
Ae-1.Shape prolate to subprolate.
>
Af-1.Margo thickened.
*
Sedum tricarpum(334)
*
Sedum polytrichoides(335)
*
Sedum bulbiferum(336)
*
Hylotelephium verticillatum(337)
*
Hylotelephium sieboldii(338)
*
Orostachys japonica(339)
*
Penthorum chinense(340)
>
Af-2.Margo never thickened.
*
Rubus mesogaeus var. mesogaeus(418)
*
Rubus parvifolius(419)
*
Rubus microphyllus(420)
*
Rubus hirsutus(421)
>
Ae-2.Shape spheroidal to suboblate, and polar view subangular.
*
Berchemia racemosa(448)
*
Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa(449)
*
Paliurus ramosissimus(450)
*
Hovenia dulcis(451)
>
Ad-2.Periphery of germinal aperture opening never protrudes.
*
Petunia × hybrida(908)
>
Ac-2.Without a costa.
>
Ag-1.Periphery of germinal aperture opening protrudes.
*
Rubus hakonensis(422)
>
Ag-2.Periphery of germinal aperture opening never protrude.
*
Chaenomeles japonica(439)
*
Chaenomeles speciosa(440)
>
A-5.Sculpture striate.
>
Ah-1.Endoaperture clearly evident.
>
Ai-1.Striped patterns deeply carved and distinct.
>
Aj-1.Endoaperture horizontally long.
>
Ak-1.Periphery of germinal aperture opening protrudes.
>
Al-1.Margo thickened.
*
Padus buergeriana(433)
>
Al-2.Margo never thickened.
*
Fragaria ananassa(408)
*
Fragaria nipponica(409)
*
Potentilla nivea var. camtschatica(410)
*
Comarum palustre(413)
*
Dasiphora fruticosa(414)
>
Ak-2.Pore with a costa, never protrudes, and margo thickened.
*
Rhus javanica var. chinensis(629)→Sculpture also composite type of striate and reticulate.
*
Lycium chinense(909)
>
Aj-2.Endoaperture circular to slightly oval.
>
Am-1.Periphery of germinal aperture opening protrudes.
*
Cerasus yedoensis(430)
*
Cerasus incisa var. incisa(431)
*
Prunus persica(432)
>
Am-2.Periphery of germinal aperture opening protrudes slightly or does not protrude.
>
An-1.Margo thickened.
>
Ao-1.Spinules scattered on upper surface of furrow.
*
Aesculus turbinata(639)
>
Ao-2.Spinules never scattered on upper surface of furrow.
*
Dryas octopetala var. asiatica(415)
*
Geum calthifolium var. nipponicum(416)
*
Sieversia pentapetala(417)
>
An-2.Margo slightly thickened or not thickened.
>
Ap-1.Verrucae scattered on upper surface of furrow.
*
Actinostemma tenerum(516)
*
Gynostemma pentaphyllum(517)
>
Ap-2.Verrucae never scattered on upper surface of furrow.
*
Acer sieboldianum(630)
*
Acer shirasawanum(631)
*
Acer rufinerve(632)
*
Acer palmatum(633)
*
Acer ukurunduense(634)
>
Ai-2.Striped patterns of sculpture shallow and indistinct.
>
Aq-1.Periphery of germinal aperture opening protrudes markedly.
*
Neillia incisa(399)
*
Spiraea japonica(400)
*
Spiraea dasyantha(401)
*
Spiraea salicifolia(402)
*
Spiraea blumei(403)
*
Spiraea hayatae(404)
*
Spiraea nipponica var. tosaensis(405)
*
Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus(406)
*
Kerria japonica(407)
*
Potentilla ancistrifolia var. dickinsii(411)
*
Potentilla anemonifolia(412)
*
Rosa rugosa(426)
*
Rosa laevigata(427)
*
Rosa onoei var. onoei(428)
*
Rosa luciae(429)
*
Laurocerasus spinulosa(434)
>
Aq-2.Periphery of germinal aperture opening protrudes slightly or not at all.
>
Ar-1.Exine thicker endexine than ectexine.
*
Eriobotrya japonica(435)
*
Pourthiaea villosa var. villosa(436)
*
Amelanchier asiatica(437)
*
Sorbus commixta var. rufoferruginea(438)
>
Ar-2.Exine with same thickness as ectexine and endexine.
*
Buckleya lanceolata(681)
>
Ah-2.Endoaperture indistinct.
*
Menyanthes trifoliata(1005)
*
Nephrophyllidium crista-galli subsp. japonicum(1006)
>
As-2.Valla of stripes fine.
*
Acer tschonoskii(635)
*
Acer buergerianum(636)
*
Acer argutum(637)
*
Acer tataricum subsp. aidzuense(638)
>
A-6.Sculpture reticulate.
>
At-1.Shape prolate, but cylindrical shape does resemble shape of medical capsule.
>
Au-1.Brochi fine and 1.0 μm or less.
>
Av-1.Scabrae distributed on upper surface of furrow.
*
Hylodesmum podocarpum subsp. oxyphyllum var. japonicum(366)
*
Ohwia caudata(367)
>
Av-2.Scabrae never distributed on upper surface of furrow.
*
Melilotus officinalis subsp. suaveolens(394)
*
Melilotus officinalis subsp. albus(395)
*
Crotalaria sessiliflora(396)
>
Au-2.Brochi coarse, and muri not as sharp as wrinkles.
*
Vicia sativa subsp. nigra (370)
*
Vicia hirsuta(371)
*
Vicia unijuga(372)
*
Vicia cracca(373)
*
Vicia faba(374)
*
Vicia nipponica(375)
*
Lathyrus japonicus(376)
>
At-2.Grains not cylindrical and do not resemble shape of medical capsule.
>
Aw-1.Polar view angular to subangular and sometimes semi-lobate.
>
Ax-1.Shape suboblate to peroblate.
>
Ay-1.Endoaperture circular and large, and scabrae distributed on upper surface and periphery of furrow.
*
Dunbaria villosa(377)
>
Ay-2.Endoaperture elongated in equatorial direction, and with a costa.
*
Symplocos coreana(798)
*
Symplocos sawafutagi(799)
>
Ax-2.Shape spheroidal to subprolate.
>
Az-1.Endoaperture circular and with a costa, and furrow narrow.
*
Vitis ficifolia(345)
*
Vitis coignetiae(346)
*
Vitis flexuosa(347)
>
Az-2.Endoaperture long in equatorial direction.
>
Ba-1.Margo thickened, and with a costa.
*
Rhamnus davurica var. nipponica(446)
*
Frangula crenata(447)
>
Ba-2.Margo never thickened, and without a costa.
*
Aralia elata(1106)
*
Aralia elata f. subinermis(1107)
*
Aralia cordata(1108)
*
Eleutherococcus spinosus(1109)
*
Eleutherococcus divaricatus(1110)
*
Chengiopanax sciadophylloides(1111)
*
Dendropanax trifidus(1112)
*
Gamblea innovans(1113)
*
Tetrapanax papyrifer(1114)
*
Panax japonicus(1115)
*
Oplopanax japonicus var. japonicus(1116)
*
Hedera rhombea(1117)